Hello Lykkers! Ready to travel back thousands of years? This article takes you through five of the most ancient cities still standing today.
From stone-built houses to historic paths carved by time, these cities offer a unique window into early human settlements and architectural marvels. Let’s uncover where history began and what remains today for the curious traveler!
Aleppo – Cradle of Ancient Trade and Civilization
Where it is: Aleppo is located in the northern part of Syria, between the Mediterranean Sea and Mesopotamia.
Age and History: Considered the oldest city still inhabited, Aleppo's origins go back nearly 13,000 years. A stone tower discovered 25 kilometers outside the modern city suggests early human presence. Written records from 5,000 years ago already described Aleppo as a vital commercial hub.
What to See: Despite the significant damage from recent conflicts, the heart of Aleppo—the Ancient City—is still a UNESCO World Heritage Site (since 1986). The Citadel of Aleppo and traditional souks are major attractions. While restoration efforts are ongoing, some areas may be inaccessible, so checking local updates before planning is essential.
How to Visit and Get Around: The best time to visit is between April and June or September to November when the weather is mild. Local shared taxis (service cars) and small buses called minibuses are the primary transport modes. Walking through historic quarters is highly recommended for the immersive experience.
Jericho – The City by the Jordan River
Where it is: Jericho lies about 30 kilometers east of Jerusalem, near the Jordan River.
Age and History: Known as one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities, Jericho's settlement dates back more than 12,000 years. Archaeologists found mud-brick houses and defensive towers from 9,400 BCE, showing how advanced early communities were.
What to See: Tell es-Sultan, the archaeological site where ancient Jericho once stood, is open to visitors. Entry fees are modest, generally around $2–$5. Mount of Temptation and the Monastery above the city offer panoramic views and fascinating ruins.
How to Visit and Get Around: The best months to visit are from October to March due to cooler temperatures. Jericho can be reached by bus or car from Jerusalem or Ramallah. Inside the city, taxis are available, but many sites can be accessed on foot.
Matera – Italy’s Timeless Stone Dwellings
Where it is: Matera is located in the Basilicata region of southern Italy.
Age and History: Human presence in the Matera area dates back around 10,000 years. The cave homes carved into cliffs—known as "Sassi"—were occupied from the Bronze Age until the mid-20th century. These stone structures represent one of the longest human settlements in the same location.
What to See: The Sassi districts—Sasso Caveoso and Sasso Barisano—are the highlight. Entry to Casa Grotta (a reconstructed traditional cave home) costs about €5. Other key stops include the Rupestrian Buildings, Palombaro Lungo (an underground water cistern), and the MUSMA Museum of Contemporary Sculpture.
How to Visit and Get Around: Visit from March to June or September to November for pleasant weather. Matera is accessible by train from Bari or by car. Within the city, the old quarters are best explored on foot due to narrow stone paths. Small shuttle buses also run through main streets.
Byblos – Mediterranean Heritage on Lebanon’s Coast
Where it is: Byblos lies on the coast of Lebanon, about 40 kilometers north of Beirut.
Age and History: With evidence of human settlement dating back over 7,000 years, Byblos was a major Phoenician port. It played a key role in early trade and writing systems.
What to See: The Byblos Castle, built in the 12th century using stones from earlier structures, offers great views and access to ancient ruins. The archaeological site includes remnants from several civilizations. Entry costs around $4–$8. The old harbor and the traditional souk are also major attractions.
How to Visit and Get Around: Spring (April–June) and fall (September–November) are ideal times. Buses and shared taxis travel between Beirut and Byblos frequently. Inside the city, most historical points can be explored on foot.
Plovdiv – Bulgaria’s Hidden Ancient Jewel
Where it is: Plovdiv is located in central Bulgaria, along the Maritsa River.
Age and History: Plovdiv is one of Europe’s oldest cities, with settlements existing for over 6,000 years. Known in antiquity as Philippopolis, it was a significant cultural and trading center.
What to See: The Ancient Theatre of Philippopolis still hosts performances and offers entry for around $3–$6. The Old Town showcases 19th-century architecture and Roman ruins, including a stadium beneath the city’s main pedestrian street.
How to Visit and Get Around: The best time to visit is from May to October. Plovdiv is accessible by train or bus from Sofia. Public transportation is reliable, but the compact Old Town is best enjoyed on foot.
In Conclusion
Lykkers, stepping into these ancient cities is like walking through a living history book. From mud-brick towers to stone-carved homes, every corner whispers stories of early human resilience, creativity, and growth.
These destinations not only offer unique sights but also show how people have lived and adapted across millennia. So get your map ready and plan a journey into the heart of time—adventure, learning, and awe await!
